Download Torrents下載的損失

Apparently, social networking traffic has now overtaken pr0n as the single most common type of information being transported across the internet besides email, oh and file sharing activities.顯然，社會化網絡交通已超過pr0n作為唯一的最常見的類型的信息正在被運送到網上除了電子郵件，噢和文件共享活動。 But, what you may not realize is that not all file sharing is illegal and that there is a system known as Bit Torrent that spreads the bandwidth load between sharers.但是，你可能不知道的是，並不是所有的文件共享是非法的，是有系統被稱為山洪位傳播的帶寬負載之間的共享。

Briefly, the Bit Torrent system allows large files to be distributed in chunks.簡言之，比特激流系統允許大文件分發給在大塊。 You choose to download a particular file and as soon as the first packets hit your hard drive, they become available via your internet connection for others to download.您可以選擇下載特定文件，並盡快將第一包擊中您的硬盤驅動器，它們成為可通過您的互聯網連接以供他人下載。 Everyone who wants the file must share the burden of the download so that no single user has to provide all the bandwidth.希望大家誰該文件必須分擔的下載，以避免任何一個用戶提供所有的帶寬。 And, unlike other而且，不同於其他 P2P點對點 , peer-to-peer, systems there is no simple way to prevent uploads to other users without compromising the speed you can download to the point where it will not be viable. ，點對點，系統沒有簡單的方法，以防止上傳給其他用戶，又不損害的速度，您也可以下載的地步，將不會是可行的。

So, here’s an example of how it works, adapted from the website of UK ISP VirginMedia, which actively encourages the use of Bit Torrents.所以，在這裡的一個例子，它是怎麼做到的，改編自英國網站的ISP VirginMedia ，積極鼓勵使用比特的損失。 Imagine that I put a 1Gb video file on Sciencetext and you want to download it.想像一下，我把視頻文件的1Gb的Sciencetext和你想下載。 If everyone who visited the site started downloading that file, my bandwidth bill as a webmaster would skyrocket and I’d likely exceed the allowable bandwidth limits on my web hosting account.如果每個人都誰訪問該網站開始下載該檔案，我的帶寬法案是管理員將暴漲，我很可能會超出允許的帶寬限制我的網絡託管帳戶。 However, instead of letting you download the complete file, I could create a torrent version on my hard drive and host, not the complete video, but a pointer to the torrent, which would be a few kilobytes rather than 1 Gb.然而，不是讓您下載完整的文件，我可以創造一個激流版本我的硬盤和東道國，而不是完整的視頻，而是一個指針的洪流，這將是一個字節，而很少超過1 GB 。

Now, the first person to start downloading that 1 Gb file will not be using my web host’s bandwidth but the bandwidth to which I personally connect to the internet.現在，第一人開始下載該1Gb的檔案將不會使用我的網頁主機的帶寬，但帶寬，以我個人連接到互聯網。 However, when the second person connects to the torrent, they will start to download from me and from the first person to connect and so on.然而，當第二個人連接到洪流，他們將開始下載，我從第一人連接等等。 A popular file could then become seeded on thousands of computers the world over, with Bit Torrent users grabbing chunks from each other until they all have the complete 1 Gb file.一種常見的文件就可以成為種子的數千台計算機世界各地，與用戶比特激流塊搶奪對方，直到他們都完成1Gb的檔案。

Of course, for this to work you need a Bit Torrent application, of which there are many, among them uTorrent (the u is a Greek letter mu) and BitLord.當然，這個工作你需要一個比特激流申請，其中有許多，其中包括uTorrent （美國是一個希臘字母萬畝）和BitLord 。 You open the torrent file using the Bit Torrent client application and this file tells the program the internet (IP) addresses of other computers on which the file can be found.您打開torrent文件使用比特激流客戶端應用程序和此文件告訴程序在互聯網（ IP ）地址的其他電腦上的文件可以找到。 The group of uploaders and downloaders - the file sharers - is known as a swarm.該組的上傳和下載-文件共享-被稱為群。

This distributed sharing system makes BitTorrent very efficient and means no one person has the burden on their bandwidth.這分佈式共享系統使得BitTorrent的非常有效的手段，並沒有任何一人的負擔，他們的帶寬。 Media agencies and computer companies now commonly use BitTorrent to provide access to their staff to download enormous video and images files, complete system updates and more without causing bottlenecks in their networks.傳媒機構和計算機公司現在普遍使用BitTorrent軟件，以提供其工作人員下載巨大的視頻和圖像文件，完成系統更新，更不會造成瓶頸，他們的網絡。 So, not only is it efficient it is faster than conventional downloading where you might right-click a link to a file and save to your hard drive directly.因此，不僅是它是高效率的速度比傳統下載這樣你可能會右鍵單擊一個鏈接到一個文件並保存到硬盤驅動器直接。

VirginMedia then points out that, funnily enough, much of the material being downloaded using BitTorrent is illegal. VirginMedia然後指出，有趣的，很多材料下載使用BT是非法的。 It’s illegal in the sense that it may be copyright material, such as rips of CDs and DVDs, ebooks and audiobooks and other materials.這是非法的，因為它可能是版權的材料，如列的CD和DVD ，電子圖書和有聲讀物和其他材料。 But, because Bit Torrent is such a useful system, the wider internet community, particularly in the open source movement has taken it to heart and commonly uses it to make the latest distro of Linux available quickly and easily, or even demo versions of CD/DVD writing software such as Ahead’s Nero Burning Rom.但是，由於山洪位就是這樣一個有用的系統，更廣泛的互聯網社區，尤其是在開源運動已到心臟和普遍使用，使最新的Linux發行可快速，輕鬆地，甚至是演示版的CD /刻錄DVD軟件，如Ahead公司的Nero的刻錄光盤。

There are plenty of legal materials to download via Bit Torrent, including non-copyright and Creative Commons movies, music, books, course materials.有很多法律資料下載通過比特激流，包括非著作權和知識共享電影，音樂，書籍，教材。 The likes of etree.org and the incredibly cleverly named LegalTorrents.com should provide a useful starting place where you might grab freely available live concert recordings of hundreds of bands, among them Grateful Dead and Pearl Jam.像etree.org和難以置信的巧妙命名LegalTorrents.com應提供一個有用的出發地點您可能抓斗免費提供現場音樂會的錄音數以百計的樂隊，其中包括感恩而死和珍珠果醬。

Despite the legal possibilities of the Bit Torrent system, some ISPs practice sandvining or儘管法律的可能性比特激流制度，一些互聯網服務供應商或實踐sandvining throttling節流 to prevent their customers using up too much of their bandwidth downloading enormous torrents.為防止他們的客戶使用了太多的帶寬下載巨大的洪流。 This, of course, is not good and is in breach of the spirit of the contract between customer and ISP, especially for customers who might be paying $50 per month for just 10 megabits per second downloads.當然，這是不好的，是違反的精神之間的合同客戶和ISP ，特別是為客戶誰可以支付50美元，每月只有10兆比特每秒下載。

One quick tip workaround for this is to use a Virtual Private Network, such as一個快速解決方案的小費，這是使用虛擬專用網，如 Hotspot Shield熱點盾牌 . 。 This system has several advantages, not least in that it spoofs and IP address in the US and is encrypted.該系統具有幾個方面的優勢，至少在它偽裝和IP地址在美國和已加密。 To other Bit Torrent users you will appear to be based in the US regardless of where in the world you actually are, which in ad hoc tests carried out by me from the UK on behalf of Sciencetext readers reveals that torrents can be downloaded quite a lot faster with Hotspot active.其他比特激流用戶您將似乎是總部設在美國無論在哪裡的世界裡，你實際上是，在專案進行了測試，我從英國代表Sciencetext讀者表明，山洪可以下載不少更快地與熱點活躍。

Another side effect of using Hotspot is, of course, that other users, including spies for copyright holders as well as your ISP do not see your actual IP address and so cannot point the finger at you legally speaking for downloading torrents.另一個副作用，使用熱點，當然是其他用戶，包括間諜的版權持有人，以及您的ISP沒有看到您的實際IP地址，因此不能指責在法律上說你下載的洪流。 Of course, the honest crowd that is the Sciencetext readership will only be doing當然，誠實的人群這是Sciencetext讀者將只能做 legal downloads法律下載 anyway, so that isn’t an issue.無論如何，這樣不是一個問題。