Download Torrents下载的损失

Apparently, social networking traffic has now overtaken pr0n as the single most common type of information being transported across the internet besides email, oh and file sharing activities.显然，社会化网络交通已超过pr0n作为唯一的最常见的类型的信息正在被运送到网上除了电子邮件，噢和文件共享活动。 But, what you may not realize is that not all file sharing is illegal and that there is a system known as Bit Torrent that spreads the bandwidth load between sharers.但是，你可能不知道的是，并不是所有的文件共享是非法的，是有系统被称为山洪位传播的带宽负载之间的共享。

Briefly, the Bit Torrent system allows large files to be distributed in chunks.简言之，比特激流系统允许大文件分发给在大块。 You choose to download a particular file and as soon as the first packets hit your hard drive, they become available via your internet connection for others to download.您可以选择下载特定文件，并尽快将第一包击中您的硬盘驱动器，它们成为可通过您的互联网连接以供他人下载。 Everyone who wants the file must share the burden of the download so that no single user has to provide all the bandwidth.希望大家谁该文件必须分担的下载，以避免任何一个用户提供所有的带宽。 And, unlike other而且，不同于其他 P2P点对点 , peer-to-peer, systems there is no simple way to prevent uploads to other users without compromising the speed you can download to the point where it will not be viable. ，点对点，系统没有简单的方法，以防止上传给其他用户，又不损害的速度，您也可以下载的地步，将不会是可行的。

So, here’s an example of how it works, adapted from the website of UK ISP VirginMedia, which actively encourages the use of Bit Torrents.所以，在这里的一个例子，它是怎么做到的，改编自英国网站的ISP VirginMedia ，积极鼓励使用比特的损失。 Imagine that I put a 1Gb video file on Sciencetext and you want to download it.想象一下，我把视频文件的1Gb的Sciencetext和你想下载。 If everyone who visited the site started downloading that file, my bandwidth bill as a webmaster would skyrocket and I’d likely exceed the allowable bandwidth limits on my web hosting account.如果每个人都谁访问该网站开始下载该档案，我的带宽法案是管理员将暴涨，我很可能会超出允许的带宽限制我的网络托管帐户。 However, instead of letting you download the complete file, I could create a torrent version on my hard drive and host, not the complete video, but a pointer to the torrent, which would be a few kilobytes rather than 1 Gb.然而，不是让您下载完整的文件，我可以创造一个激流版本我的硬盘和东道国，而不是完整的视频，而是一个指针的洪流，这将是一个字节，而很少超过1 GB 。

Now, the first person to start downloading that 1 Gb file will not be using my web host’s bandwidth but the bandwidth to which I personally connect to the internet.现在，第一人开始下载该1Gb的档案将不会使用我的网页主机的带宽，但带宽，以我个人连接到互联网。 However, when the second person connects to the torrent, they will start to download from me and from the first person to connect and so on.然而，当第二个人连接到洪流，他们将开始下载，我从第一人连接等等。 A popular file could then become seeded on thousands of computers the world over, with Bit Torrent users grabbing chunks from each other until they all have the complete 1 Gb file.一种常见的文件就可以成为种子的数千台计算机世界各地，与用户比特激流块抢夺对方，直到他们都完成1Gb的档案。

Of course, for this to work you need a Bit Torrent application, of which there are many, among them uTorrent (the u is a Greek letter mu) and BitLord.当然，这个工作你需要一个比特激流申请，其中有许多，其中包括uTorrent （美国是一个希腊字母万亩）和BitLord 。 You open the torrent file using the Bit Torrent client application and this file tells the program the internet (IP) addresses of other computers on which the file can be found.您打开torrent文件使用比特激流客户端应用程序和此文件告诉程序在互联网（ IP ）地址的其他电脑上的文件可以找到。 The group of uploaders and downloaders - the file sharers - is known as a swarm.该组的上传和下载-文件共享-被称为群。

This distributed sharing system makes BitTorrent very efficient and means no one person has the burden on their bandwidth.这分布式共享系统使得BitTorrent的非常有效的手段，并没有任何一人的负担，他们的带宽。 Media agencies and computer companies now commonly use BitTorrent to provide access to their staff to download enormous video and images files, complete system updates and more without causing bottlenecks in their networks.传媒机构和计算机公司现在普遍使用BitTorrent软件，以提供其工作人员下载巨大的视频和图像文件，完成系统更新，更不会造成瓶颈，他们的网络。 So, not only is it efficient it is faster than conventional downloading where you might right-click a link to a file and save to your hard drive directly.因此，不仅是它是高效率的速度比传统下载这样你可能会右键单击一个链接到一个文件并保存到硬盘驱动器直接。

VirginMedia then points out that, funnily enough, much of the material being downloaded using BitTorrent is illegal. VirginMedia然后指出，有趣的，很多材料下载使用BT是非法的。 It’s illegal in the sense that it may be copyright material, such as rips of CDs and DVDs, ebooks and audiobooks and other materials.这是非法的，因为它可能是版权的材料，如列的CD和DVD ，电子图书和有声读物和其他材料。 But, because Bit Torrent is such a useful system, the wider internet community, particularly in the open source movement has taken it to heart and commonly uses it to make the latest distro of Linux available quickly and easily, or even demo versions of CD/DVD writing software such as Ahead’s Nero Burning Rom.但是，由于山洪位就是这样一个有用的系统，更广泛的互联网社区，尤其是在开源运动已到心脏和普遍使用，使最新的Linux发行可快速，轻松地，甚至是演示版的CD /刻录DVD软件，如Ahead公司的Nero的刻录光盘。

There are plenty of legal materials to download via Bit Torrent, including non-copyright and Creative Commons movies, music, books, course materials.有很多法律资料下载通过比特激流，包括非著作权和知识共享电影，音乐，书籍，教材。 The likes of etree.org and the incredibly cleverly named LegalTorrents.com should provide a useful starting place where you might grab freely available live concert recordings of hundreds of bands, among them Grateful Dead and Pearl Jam.像etree.org和难以置信的巧妙命名LegalTorrents.com应提供一个有用的出发地点您可能抓斗免费提供现场音乐会的录音数以百计的乐队，其中包括感恩而死和珍珠果酱。

Despite the legal possibilities of the Bit Torrent system, some ISPs practice sandvining or尽管法律的可能性比特激流制度，一些互联网服务供应商或实践sandvining throttling节流 to prevent their customers using up too much of their bandwidth downloading enormous torrents.为防止他们的客户使用了太多的带宽下载巨大的洪流。 This, of course, is not good and is in breach of the spirit of the contract between customer and ISP, especially for customers who might be paying $50 per month for just 10 megabits per second downloads.当然，这是不好的，是违反的精神之间的合同客户和ISP ，特别是为客户谁可以支付50美元，每月只有10兆比特每秒下载。

One quick tip workaround for this is to use a Virtual Private Network, such as一个快速解决方案的小费，这是使用虚拟专用网，如 Hotspot Shield热点盾牌 . 。 This system has several advantages, not least in that it spoofs and IP address in the US and is encrypted.该系统具有几个方面的优势，至少在它伪装和IP地址在美国和已加密。 To other Bit Torrent users you will appear to be based in the US regardless of where in the world you actually are, which in ad hoc tests carried out by me from the UK on behalf of Sciencetext readers reveals that torrents can be downloaded quite a lot faster with Hotspot active.其他比特激流用户您将似乎是总部设在美国无论在哪里的世界里，你实际上是，在专案进行了测试，我从英国代表Sciencetext读者表明，山洪可以下载不少更快地与热点活跃。

Another side effect of using Hotspot is, of course, that other users, including spies for copyright holders as well as your ISP do not see your actual IP address and so cannot point the finger at you legally speaking for downloading torrents.另一个副作用，使用热点，当然是其他用户，包括间谍的版权持有人，以及您的ISP没有看到您的实际IP地址，因此不能指责在法律上说你下载的洪流。 Of course, the honest crowd that is the Sciencetext readership will only be doing当然，诚实的人群这是Sciencetext读者将只能做 legal downloads法律下载 anyway, so that isn’t an issue.无论如何，这样不是一个问题。